異形切齒刀的成形工藝與磨削工藝

異形切齒刀的成形工藝與磨削工藝：幾年前曾有專(zhuān)家曾預(yù)言今后的齒刀在齒輪加工方面的應(yīng)用將大為減少,到那時(shí),將沒(méi)有汽車(chē)齒輪生產(chǎn)企業(yè)再使用齒刀,在設(shè)計(jì)制造齒輪傳動(dòng)裝置時(shí),也不再采用插齒工藝加工齒輪。
A few years ago had experts predicted that the future of cutter used in gear processing will be greatly reduced, then, there will be no automobile gear manufacturing enterprises, and then use the knife tooth, in the design and manufacture of gear transmission device, also no longer used in gear processing gear.
一般認(rèn)為插齒工藝是在齒輪不能用滾刀加工的情況下采用的齒輪加工方法,這種加工方法費(fèi)用高、齒輪質(zhì)量差。事實(shí)上插齒是為帶臺(tái)肩的齒輪進(jìn)行齒形加工而采用的除此之外,插齒刀也廣泛用于是直齒斜齒的內(nèi)齒輪加工如果齒輪采用內(nèi)齒拉削工藝比較困難就需要采用插齒刀加工。
It is generally believed that the gear shaping process is a gear processing method which is used in the case that the gear can not be processed by the hob. In fact in tooth is with a shoulder gear of tooth shape processing and the use of in addition, in cutter is widely used in is straight tooth bevel gear processing if gear adopts the inner tooth pull cutting process is difficult to need the shaper cutters processing.
插齒加工的缺點(diǎn)在于,與滾齒相比其加工的循環(huán)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)。另外齒刀在加工齒輪時(shí)由于兩者嚙合運(yùn)動(dòng),齒刀的整體誤差插齒刀刀齒上可能出現(xiàn)的誤差或變形(如裂紋、刀齒磨損及刀齒的損壞)會(huì)傳遞到加齒輪的輪齒被破壞是不能使用的。還有許多還沒(méi)完全執(zhí)行的方案可使?jié)L刀和插齒刀在技術(shù)上的差距進(jìn)一步縮短。這關(guān)系到通過(guò)生產(chǎn)齒輪刀具的新型機(jī)器。即使不能充分利用齒輪刀具而且重磨次數(shù)有限制,這些機(jī)器也有利于降低生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用。磨削插齒刀時(shí)難以讓根圓直徑Di和齒頂?shù)菇歉叨萐m保持一致。這是因?yàn)橹啬ズ蟛妪X刀與齒輪的軸距及插齒刀齒厚這兩參數(shù)的減少,不可能同插刀本身的齒頂?shù)菇歉叨燃霸谟旋X頂?shù)菇遣课簧系男倍热〉靡恢隆��?shù)學(xué)模型包含著讓軸距變化與插齒刀高度H不相稱(chēng)的三角方程。相反,齒頂修形St和齒頂?shù)菇堑男倍纫灾本�關(guān)系對(duì)應(yīng)。二者根據(jù)插齒刀高度的減少遵照線性關(guān)系公式而變。

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The disadvantage of gear shaping is that the cycle time is longer than that of the gear teeth. Also in cutter teeth in the gear processing due to their engagement, cutter tooth of the overall error in error may occur on the gear hob tooth or deformation, such as crack, the cutter tooth wear and the cutter tooth damage will transfer to the gear tooth is cannot be used. There are a number of programs that are not fully implemented to make the gap between the hob and the pinion cutter further reduced. This is related to the production of gear cutting tool by a new type of machine. These machines are also beneficial to reduce production costs, even if they are unable to make full use of the gear cutting tool and the number of heavy grinding is limited. It is difficult to make the grinding cutter root diameter Di and height Sm consistent tooth crest chamfering. This is because the grinding in the wheelbase of cutter and gear and gear shaper cutter tooth thick the two parameters of the reduced, it is impossible teeth in the knife itself top chamfer height and the addendum chamfer on the part of the slope of the agreement. The mathematical model contains a triangular equation that is not commensurate with the height of the H cutter. On the contrary, the tooth tip modification St and chamfering tooth inclination to linear relation. According to the reduction of the height of the gear slotting cutter, the two changes according to the formula of linear relation.
達(dá)到上述目標(biāo)的必要條件在于通過(guò)平移砂輪而得到想要的齒刀。這類(lèi)砂輪除了在刀具雙齒面上開(kāi)展?jié)u開(kāi)線運(yùn)動(dòng),還開(kāi)展使齒頂?shù)菇切倍染�性的軸向運(yùn)動(dòng)。
The necessary condition to achieve the above objective is to get the desired tooth knife through the translation grinding wheel. This kind of grinding wheel is carried out in addition to involute motion in the tool on the tooth surface of double axial movement, also carried out the tooth crest chamfering angle linear.